Canthal tendon:
A ligamentous structure that attaches the eye to bony rims of the orbit, i.e., eye socket. The lateral canthal tendon can be surgically manipulated to tighten and bring support to the lower eyelid.
Cantholysis:
Surgical transection of the upper or lower limbs of the lateral canthal tendon used to release pressure in the eye socket or to access the deeper anatomical structures of the orbit. A canthotomy is generally performed with a cantholysis when a canthoplasty, or lid-tightening procedure, is done to restore eyelid tone.
Canthopexy:
A surgical procedure that tightens the lower eyelid by folding the lateral canthal tendon on itself with sutures through a small canthal or upper eyelid incision.
Canthoplasty:
A shortening of the lower eyelid at the lateral corner of the eye that requires surgical exposure and resection of the lower limb of the lateral canthal tendon. It is used to tighten the lower eyelid in various functional procedures.
Canthotomy:
An incision of lateral canthus of eye that allows access to the deeper tissues of the eyelid and the orbit. It is commonly performed in conjunction with a cantholysis in functional procedures of the lower eyelid to tighten the lateral canthal tendon.
Canthus:
The anatomical area at the outer (lateral canthus) or inner (medial canthus) corner of the eye, where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
Cheek lift:
The term given to a procedure intended to elevate the cheeks. It must be distinguished from cheek augmentation which, although it may provide a lifting in effect, works specifically to restore cheek volume.
Chemical peel:
A non-surgical procedure that improves skin texture, reduces pigment changes, and restores skin elasticity by inducing a regulated injury to the outer layers of the skin with a chemical solution.
Chin augmentation:
Any procedure that enhances the anterior projection of the chin. It may be accomplished with non-surgical methods, such as dermal filler application, or with a surgery. Surgical augmentation of the chin can be accomplished with chin implants, fat transfer, or bone remodeling.
Chalazion:
An inflammatory lesion of the eyelid that forms by an obstruction of an oil gland called a meibomian gland. Clinically, it manifests as a red bump in the upper or lower eyelid that causes mild discomfort in its beginning stages.
Chemosis:
Irritation and swelling of the mucosal lining of the eye called the conjunctiva caused by allergy, infection, or surgery. The conjunctiva adopts a blister-like appearance due to its swelling, which generally responds to topical anti-inflammatory medications and artificial tears. It is quite common after lower eyelid blepharoplasty and canthal suspension.
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